TANGGUNG JAWAB HUKUM TENAGA KESEHATAN TERHADAP PELANGGARAN INFORMED CONSENT DALAM PELAYANAN MEDIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21451006Keywords:
informed consent, legal liability, healthcare professionals, medical malpractice, healthcare servicesAbstract
This study aims to analyse the legal liability of healthcare professionals for breaches of informed consent in medical practice through a literature review. Informed consent is a legal and ethical foundation that must be applied prior to any medical procedure, in accordance with Article 293(1) of Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health and Minister of Health Regulation No. 290/Menkes/Per/III/2008. The results of the study indicate that breaches of informed consent can occur in three main forms: failure to provide information, provision of incomplete or misleading information, and obtaining invalid consent. The legal liability of healthcare professionals encompasses four forms: civil liability under Article 1365 of the Civil Code for unlawful acts; criminal liability under Articles 359 and 351 of the Criminal Code; administrative liability in the form of sanctions ranging from a reprimand to the revocation of a practising licence; and professional disciplinary liability under the Indonesian Medical Council (MKDKI). Hospitals, as corporations, are liable under the doctrines of strict liability and vicarious liability in accordance with Article 1367 of the Civil Code and Article 46 of the Hospitals Act. This study recommends strengthening regulations, improving healthcare professionals’ communication skills, and raising awareness of patients’ rights to prevent future breaches of informed consent.
Downloads
References
Bhutta, Z. A. (2004). Beyond informed consent. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82, 771–777.
Candra, A. A. (2021). Informed Consent pada Remaja: Sebuah Kajian Literatur. Jurnal Etika Kedokteran Indonesia, 5(2). https://ilmiahindonesia.id/index.php/jeki/article/view/69
Dzulhizza, D. S. R., Anatami, D., & Nofrial, R. (2023). Aspek Yuridis dalam Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Profesi Dokter pada Perspektif Pelayanan Informed Consent Untuk Mewujudkan Perlindungan Hukum. Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah, 23(1), 43–50. https://doi.org/10.31599/ns23rd60
Eliyah, E., & Aslan, A. (2025). STAKE’S EVALUATION MODEL: METODE PENELITIAN. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Indonesia, 3(2), Article 2.
Falagas, M. E., Korbila, I. P., Giannopoulou, K. P., Kondilis, B. K., & Peppas, G. (2009). Informed consent: How much and what do patients understand? The American Journal of Surgery, 198(3), 420–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2009.02.010
Hasibuan, A. A., Hasibuan, H. M., Fadila, A. N., & Khairiyyahni, S. (2023). SOSIALISASI PENTINGNYA INFORMED CONSENT UNTUK MENDORONG ETIKA PELAYANAN MEDIS DI MASYARAKAT. PENDALAS: Jurnal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(3), 248–261. https://doi.org/10.47006/pendalas.v3i3.504
Hasnaa, N., Afifatunnisa, A., Sofiani, A., Angraini, S., Kuntoadi, G. B., & Ansori, I. (2025). ACCURACY OF ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY CODES IN PATIENTS BASED ON ICD AT HERMINA SERPONG HOSPITAL. PROSIDING SEMLITMAS (SEMINAR HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT), 2(1), 1–10.
Irawati, A. C., Kristiningrum, W., & Andayani, A. (2020). Pendampingan Perlindungan Hukum Pelayanan Kesehatan Melalui Informed Consent. INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT (IJCE), 2(2). https://doi.org/10.35473/ijce.v2i2.752
Nadira, C. S., & Khairunnisa, C. (2023). Kedudukan Informed Consent Dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan di Indonesia. Cendekia : Jurnal Hukum, Sosial Dan Humaniora, 1(1), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.70193/cendekia.v1i1.8
Nijhawan, L. P., Janodia, M. D., Muddukrishna, B. S., Bhat, K. M., Bairy, K. L., Udupa, N., & Musmade, P. B. (2013). Informed consent: Issues and challenges. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 4(3), 134. https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.116779
Nurdin, M. (2015). PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PASIEN ATAS KORBAN MALPRAKTEK KEDOKTERAN. Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan, 10(1), 92–109.
Pakendek, A. P. A. (2010). INFORMED CONSENT DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN. AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial, 5(2), 309–318. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v5i2.296
Rai, S., & Devaiah, V. H. (2019). The need for healthcare reforms: Is no-fault liability the solution to medical malpractice? Asian Bioethics Review, 11(1), 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41649-019-00081-7
Ramadhan, M. S. (2021). IMPLEMENTASI ASAS HUKUM PERJANJIAN TERAPEUTIK DALAM INFORMED CONSENT. Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum, 18(1), 32–49. https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v18i1.2850
Sulistyaningrum, H. P. (2021). Informed Consent: Persetujuan Tindakan Kedokteran dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan bagi Pasien Covid-19. Simbur Cahaya, 166–186. https://doi.org/10.28946/sc.v28i2.1192
Suyudi, G. A., Wildana, D. T., Prihatmini, S., & Puspaningrum, G. (2025). Kebijakan Formulasi dan Prospektif Penegakan Hukum Tindakan Kealpaan Tenaga Medis/Tenaga Kesehatan (Dinamika Pertanggungjawaban Pidana dalam Malpraktik Medis). Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia, 7(2), 228–249. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v7i2.49-70
Syarief, V. G. (2023). PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TENAGA MEDIS DAN TENAGA KESEHATAN MELALUI MAJELIS YANG DIBENTUK MENTERI KESEHATAN PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG KESEHATAN OMNIBUS LAW. Collegium Studiosum Journal, 6(1), 336–343. https://doi.org/10.56301/csj.v6i1.933
Tadda, A., Indar, I., & Ilyas, A. (2022). Tinjauan Hukum Eksistensi Komite Etik Dan Hukum Rumah Sakit (KEHRS) Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Medik. Jurnal Ilmiah Ecosystem, 22(1), 120–135. https://doi.org/10.35965/eco.v22i1.1392
Wahyudi, D. A. (2020). ANALISIS INFORMED CONSENT TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TENAGA KESEHATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KOTA BANDUNG. Res Nullius Law Journal, 2(1), 62–75. https://doi.org/10.34010/rnlj.v2i1.2899
Walliman, N., & Walliman, N. (2021). Research Methods: The Basics (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003141693
Widjaja, G., Sijabat, H. H., & Dhanudibroto, H. (2025). KEWAJIBAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DALAM MEMBERIKAN INFORMED CONSENT: KAJIAN LITERATUR ETIKA DAN HUKUM. ZAHRA: JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND MEDICAL RESEARCH, 5(2), 1–11.
Widjaja, G., & Yustanti, D. E. (2025). HUBUNGAN ETIKA PROFESI DENGAN DISKRESI DALAM PELAKSANAAN INFORMED CONSENT DI RUMAH SAKIT. Jurnal Kesehatan, 3(1), 36–46.
Yandriza, Y., & Arma, D. (2023). Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Rumah Sakit atas Kelalaian Perawat yang Mengakibatkan Tertukarnya Bayi yang Baru Dilahirkan dalam Perspektif Hukum Kesehatan di Indonesia. UNES Law Review, 6(1), 2642–2656. https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1049
Yudiarti, B. E. S., & Basrowi, R. W. (2024). Informed Consent in Mental Health Research at Workplace. The Indonesian Journal of Community and Occupational Medicine, 4(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.53773/ijcom.v4i1.135.36-44
Kemenkes RI. (2025). Laporan kinerja Kementerian Kesehatan Tahun 2024.
Kemenkeu. (2004). Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran.
Kemenkeu. (2023). Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan.
Mahkamah Agung RI. (2017). Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3203 K/Pdt/2017.
Mahkamah Agung RI. (2021). Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 472 PK/Pdt/2021.
Mahkamah Agung RI. (2023). Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1037 PK/Pdt/2023.
