Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
type: channel
description: Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE) publishes articles on education and learning in general. Contains articles / research results written by experts, scientists, practitioners, and reviewers in the field of education and learning. Some of Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE): Education and learning theory and foundation, Education and learning philosophy, Education and learning technology, Education and learning media, Education evaluation, Education Management, Education and learning innovation, Education for all levels, Formal education, Informal education, Education non-formal, Rural education, Urban education, Education and learning curriculum, Educators and students, Education and learning policies, Learning methods and strategies, Learning assessment, socio-cultural, etc.
publisher: CV. ADIBA AISHA AMIRA
language: en
publication name: Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
issn: 2810-059X
items: https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/352
items: https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/351
items: OPTIMISING ONLINE AND HYBRID LEARNING TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION AND STUDENT LEARNING EXPERIENCES: A LITERATURE REVIEW ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MODERN DIGITAL EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT
items: AI INTEGRATION IN LEARNING SYSTEMS: LITERATURE REVIEW ANALYSIS ON TEACHING OPTIMISATION THROUGH VIRTUAL TUTORS, DATA ANALYSIS, AND AUTOMATED EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL CREATION
items: THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A PERSONAL TUTOR IN EDUCATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON PERSONALISATION AND ADAPTATION OF LEARNING MATERIALS BASED ON STUDENT DATA ANALYSIS
items: https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/347
items: https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/346
items: ISLAMIC EDUCATION AT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL LEVEL: DIFFERENCES IN CURRICULUM STRUCTURE, LEARNING METHODS, AND THEIR IMPACT ON STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF ISLAMIC CONCEPTS
items: EDUCATIONAL METAVERSE PLATFORMS AS NEW LEARNING FRONTIERS: OPPORTUNITIES, RISKS, AND PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
items: THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION ON ACCESS TO INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN INDONESIA
items: TRANSLANGUAGING PEDAGOGY IN MULTILINGUAL ELT CLASSROOMS: STUDENT IDENTITY, STRATEGY USE, AND ACHIEVEMENT
items: AN ANALYSIS OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES ON CHARACTER TORI VEGA IN NICKELODEON COMEDY SERIES “VICTORIOUS”
items: TEACHER'S PERSPECTIVES ON THE USE OF READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES IN SMP NEGERI 35 MEDAN
items: MODERN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS AS PILLARS OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN RIAU
items: VIRTUAL REALITY IN MADRASAH LEARNING: EVALUATING THE IMPACT ON QUR'ANIC MEMORIZATION AND ENGAGEMENT
items: REFRAMING ISLAMIC VALUES IN EDUCATION MANAGEMENT: EVALUATING THE MERDEKA CURRICULUM THROUGH AN ISLAMIC LEADERSHIP LENS
items: ENGLISH TEACHERS’ STRATEGIES IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION AT SMA SWASTA AL MAKSUM
items: THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TOOLS ON IMPROVING LITERACY: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
items: LITERATURE REVIEW: THE EFFECT OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING ON STUDENT MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT IN SCIENCE
items: STRENGTHENING THE CHARACTER OF PANCASILA THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF HUMANITARIAN VALUES (STUDY OF MEGA BUANA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS)
items: INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN TEACHERS AND STUDENTS IN FACILITATING THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS
items: THE ROLE OF SYSTEMATIC CONTROL AND EVALUATION SYSTEMS IN IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC POLICY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
items: PREPARING STUDENTS AS AGENTS OF SOCIAL CHANGE: ANTI-RACISM AND ANTI-ETHNOCENTRISM EDUCATION THROUGH A SOCIAL JUSTICE- BASED CURRICULUM
items: EDUCATIONAL TRANSFORMATION IN INDONESIA: REVIEWING THE POLICY LANDSCAPE AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
items: https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/315
items: INTEGRATING ISLAMIC VALUES IN BUILDING INDEPENDENCE AND MORALITY IN CHILDREN IN THE ERA OF RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
items: STRENGTHENING TEACHER COMPETENCE THROUGH CONTINUOUS TRAINING IN THE ERA OF EDUCATIONAL TRANSFORMATION(LITERATURE REVIEW)
items: CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT CYCLE-BASED EVALUATION: AN EFFECTIVE CONTROL STRATEGY FOR PROGRAMME SUCCESS
items: IMPLEMENTATION OF STUDENT-CENTRED LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE INDEPENDENCE AND 21ST CENTURY SKILLS
items: CURRICULUM FLEXIBILITY IN THE DIGITAL AGE: EFFORTS TO BUILD EDUCATION THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO CHANGE

https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/352
type: item
title: ISLAMIC EDUCATION MANAGEMENT FACING INDUSTRY 4.0 AND SOCIETY 5.0: INNOVATIVE LEADERSHIP TRANSFORMATION STRATEGIES BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) TECHNOLOGY, WEB PLATFORMS, AND VIRTUAL REALITY TO OPTIMISE INSTITUTIONAL PERFORMANCE BASED ON A REVIEW OF THE LATEST LITERATURE
description: This study examines the transformation of Islamic education management in facing the challenges of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 through innovative leadership strategies based on artificial intelligence (AI) technology, web platforms, and virtual reality (VR). Using a literature review approach, the results show that the synergy of these technologies optimises the performance of Islamic educational institutions, despite the challenges of infrastructure and digital ethics. This study concludes that transformational leadership based on maqasid sharia is the key to creating a holistic educational ecosystem that is efficient, inclusive, and relevant to the digital era. Recommendations include digital literacy training for leaders, productive waqf funding for infrastructure, and further empirical research to validate the model. This study contributes to the development of contemporary Islamic education management theory that combines spirituality with technological innovation for the benefit of the community.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic Education Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Industry 4.0
  topic: keywords
subject: Society 5.0
  topic: keywords
subject: Innovative Leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  topic: keywords
subject: Web Platform
  topic: keywords
subject: Virtual Reality
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Literature Review
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdul Rahman
creator: Aslan Aslan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 303
ending page: 313

https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/351
type: item
title: SYNERGY BETWEEN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION: EFFORTS TO REALISE CHARACTER-BASED LEARNING, SPIRITUAL VALUES, AND RESPONSIVENESS TO THE CHALLENGES OF THE 21ST CENTURY DIGITAL CIVILISATION
description: This study examines the synergy between educational technology and Islamic Religious Education (IRE) as a strategic effort to realise character-based learning, spiritual values, and responsiveness to the challenges of the 21st-century digital civilisation. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature review, the study analyses the integration of digital platforms such as blended learning, adaptive AI, and Qur'anic-based interactive media in the formation of Islamic character. The main discussion covers the synergy between technology and PAI in strengthening the values of trustworthiness, ihsan, and piety in virtual spaces, as well as implementation and challenges such as the digital divide, negative content distractions, and dehumanisation of interactions, which are overcome through Islamic digital literacy and hybrid spiritual sessions. The results confirm that this synergy produces an adaptive Muslim generation that combines technological skills with akhlakul karimah (good character), becoming the foundation of holistic national education in the Society 5.0 era.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: educational technology synergy
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Religious Education
  topic: keywords
subject: character education
  topic: keywords
subject: spiritual values
  topic: keywords
subject: digital civilisation
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: blended learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Arsyad
creator: Ismaul Fitroh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 289
ending page: 302

OPTIMISING ONLINE AND HYBRID LEARNING TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION AND STUDENT LEARNING EXPERIENCES: A LITERATURE REVIEW ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MODERN DIGITAL EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT
type: item
description: This article presents an analysis of the optimisation of online and hybrid learning to improve the quality of education and student learning experiences in the context of a modern digital education environment. The research uses a literature review method. The results show that the hybrid learning model has great potential in combining the advantages of face-to-face and online learning, thereby creating a more humanistic, flexible, and student-centred learning experience. The integration of appropriate pedagogical approaches and the planned use of digital technology can support the achievement of better education quality and build a sustainable learning ecosystem. This study recommends strengthening the capacity of educators, developing policies that support digital transformation, and conducting further testing in diverse empirical contexts to refine the model for optimising online and hybrid learning.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: online learning
  topic: keywords
subject: hybrid learning
  topic: keywords
subject: education quality
  topic: keywords
subject: student learning experience
  topic: keywords
subject: digital education
  topic: keywords
subject: literature review
  topic: keywords
creator: Moh. Imron Rosidi
creator: Novianti Sisilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 278
ending page: 288

AI INTEGRATION IN LEARNING SYSTEMS: LITERATURE REVIEW ANALYSIS ON TEACHING OPTIMISATION THROUGH VIRTUAL TUTORS, DATA ANALYSIS, AND AUTOMATED EDUCATIONAL MATERIAL CREATION
type: item
description: The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought a new paradigm in the world of education by introducing learning systems that are more adaptive, efficient, and learner-centred. This study aims to analyse the role of AI in optimising the learning process through the application of virtual tutors, learning analytics, and the automation of educational material creation. The research method used is library research by reviewing various existing scientific sources. The results show that the integration of AI in education can improve learning personalisation, strengthen data-based decision making, and increase efficiency in academic content development. AI-based virtual tutors enable real-time feedback and individual guidance, while learning analytics help teachers understand students' needs more accurately. On the other hand, the automation of teaching material creation using generative technology increases teachers' time effectiveness and expands access to relevant and contextual learning resources. However, the implementation of AI requires serious attention to ethical issues, data validity, and potential algorithmic bias so that this technology can truly be beneficial in a fair and sustainable manner. This study emphasises that collaboration between human intelligence and artificial intelligence is key to building an innovative, inclusive, and meaningful future education ecosystem.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: virtual tutors
  topic: keywords
subject: learning analytics
  topic: keywords
subject: learning material automation
  topic: keywords
subject: educational technology
  topic: keywords
subject: literature review
  topic: keywords
creator: Rizki Fauzi
creator: Novianti Sisilia
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 265
ending page: 277

THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A PERSONAL TUTOR IN EDUCATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON PERSONALISATION AND ADAPTATION OF LEARNING MATERIALS BASED ON STUDENT DATA ANALYSIS
type: item
description: The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has brought significant changes to the education sector, particularly in efforts to create more personalised and adaptive learning systems. This study aims to examine the use of AI as a personal tutor in education through a literature review approach that focuses on two main aspects, namely personalisation and adaptation of learning materials based on student data analysis. Using a literature review method from various reliable academic sources, this study analyses the role of AI in understanding student learning behaviour, adjusting learning content, and providing data-based automatic feedback. The results of the study show that the application of AI tutors can improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and relevance of the learning process while expanding access to quality education. However, issues of data ethics and privacy, algorithmic bias, and digital infrastructure readiness are important challenges that need to be addressed. This study emphasises that the integration of AI in education must be oriented towards human-machine collaboration by balancing technological, pedagogical, and ethical aspects in order to create a sustainable and humanistic learning experience.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: personal tutor
  topic: keywords
subject: personalised learning
  topic: keywords
subject: material adaptation
  topic: keywords
subject: student data analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: adaptive learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Rizki Fauzi
creator: Al-Amin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 252
ending page: 264

https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/347
type: item
title: EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNOLOGY-BASED LEARNING PROCESSES AND OUTCOMES IN IMPROVING STUDENT COMPETENCE, MOTIVATION, AND ENGAGEMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF DIGITAL ASSESSMENT MODELS IN THE ERA OF EDUCATION 4.0 TRANSFORMATION
description: This study is a literature review that evaluates the effectiveness of technology-based learning processes and outcomes in improving students' competence, motivation, and engagement through digital assessment models in the era of Education 4.0 transformation. This study analyses the relationship between AI-based adaptive assessment, learning analytics, and authentic assessment with student development, supported by learning motivation theory and learning evaluation models. The main findings show a significant positive impact of digital assessment on these three dimensions, with student engagement as the main connecting factor, although it is influenced by teacher readiness and technological infrastructure. This study presents a simple conceptual framework for the development of better digital assessment, along with practical suggestions for educators and policymakers in Indonesia.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: educational technology
  topic: keywords
subject: digital assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: learning effectiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: student competence
  topic: keywords
subject: learning motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: student engagement
  topic: keywords
subject: Education 4.0
  topic: keywords
subject: learning analytics
  topic: keywords
subject: literature review
  topic: keywords
creator: Aslan Aslan
creator: Imelda Imelda
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 240
ending page: 251

https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/346
type: item
title: OPTIMISING THE USE OF MEDIA AND LEARNING TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION AND DIFFUSION OF INNOVATION IN IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS
description: This study is a literature review that analyses the optimisation of the use of learning media and technology in educational settings through an understanding of the factors that influence the adoption and diffusion of innovation to improve the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. Based on a review of Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations theory, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and TPACK, it was found that the main factors include performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and obstacles such as infrastructure limitations and digital skills. Optimisation strategies include continuous teacher training, inclusive infrastructure development, blended learning, and national policies such as Merdeka Belajar (Freedom of Learning) that support pedagogical-technological integration. The results of the study show that a multifactorial holistic approach can accelerate the S-shaped adoption curve, increase student engagement, academic achievement, and personalisation of learning through data-driven evaluation. The practical implications provide recommendations for educators and policymakers to address the digital divide, while the theoretical implications enrich the framework of educational technology adoption in the Indonesian context. This study emphasises the need for evidence-based interventions for adaptive and inclusive 21st-century educational transformation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: learning technology
  topic: keywords
subject: innovation adoption
  topic: keywords
subject: innovation diffusion
  topic: keywords
subject: educational media optimisation
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching and learning effectiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: TPACK
  topic: keywords
subject: TAM
  topic: keywords
subject: blended learning
  topic: keywords
subject: digital divide
  topic: keywords
subject: Merdeka Belajar
  topic: keywords
creator: Ismaul Fitroh
creator: Rusiadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 229
ending page: 239

ISLAMIC EDUCATION AT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL LEVEL: DIFFERENCES IN CURRICULUM STRUCTURE, LEARNING METHODS, AND THEIR IMPACT ON STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF ISLAMIC CONCEPTS
type: item
description: This study analyses the differences in curriculum structure and teaching methods in Islamic Religious Education at public junior high schools, private Islamic junior high schools, and modern Islamic boarding schools, as well as their impact on students' understanding of Islamic concepts. Using a descriptive-comparative qualitative literature review approach, the study compares the national Merdeka Curriculum, which focuses on the fundamentals of faith and jurisprudence, with the expansive private model, which includes Arabic memorisation and Arabic language, as well as pesantren-based mastery learning using classical Islamic texts. Teaching methods varied from conventional es in public schools, student-centred through discussion-projects in private schools, to hybrid sorogan-bandongan in Islamic boarding schools. The results show a gradation of understanding, with state schools excelling in breadth but lacking in depth, private schools integrating cognitive and affective learning, and Islamic boarding schools dominating in higher-order thinking skills, supported by a positive correlation between curriculum intensity and concept retention. A hybridised curriculum is recommended to optimise holistic Islamic literacy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic education in junior high school
  topic: keywords
subject: PAI curriculum structure
  topic: keywords
subject: learning methods
  topic: keywords
subject: understanding Islamic concepts
  topic: keywords
subject: Merdeka Curriculum
  topic: keywords
subject: modern Islamic boarding schools
  topic: keywords
creator: Wilda Rizkiyahnur Nasution
creator: Al-Amin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 216
ending page: 228

EDUCATIONAL METAVERSE PLATFORMS AS NEW LEARNING FRONTIERS: OPPORTUNITIES, RISKS, AND PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
type: item
description: This study explores the emerging role of educational metaverse platforms as transformative learning frontiers by synthesizing findings from recent literature on virtual, augmented, and immersive learning environments. Using a systematic literature review method, the research analyzes theoretical developments, empirical evidence, and pedagogical models that frame the integration of metaverse technologies into contemporary education. The findings reveal that educational metaverses offer significant opportunities for enhancing experiential learning, social presence, collaboration, and student engagement through immersive simulations and personalized learning pathways. However, the literature also highlights critical risks related to data privacy, digital inequality, cybersecurity, psychological effects, and pedagogical misalignment when immersive technologies are not implemented responsibly. The study further identifies important pedagogical implications, including the need for new instructional designs, teacher digital competencies, ethical guidelines, and inclusive access frameworks to ensure meaningful learning outcomes. Overall, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of how metaverse-based learning ecosystems can be developed and governed to support effective, equitable, and ethical education in the digital era.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Educational Metaverse
  topic: keywords
subject: Immersive Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Virtual Reality
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: Learning Innovation
  topic: keywords
creator: Loso Judijanto
creator: Rustiyana Rustiyana
creator: Nurul Saila
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 198
ending page: 215

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION ON ACCESS TO INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN INDONESIA
type: item
description: This study analyses the influence of social stratification on access to inclusive education in Indonesia, where economic, geographical, and cultural inequalities are major barriers for children with special needs from vulnerable groups. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with literature studies and secondary data analysis from journals and Ministry of Education and Culture policies, the findings show that poor families in rural areas experience low participation due to high costs, lack of infrastructure, and social stigma, despite regulations such as the National Education Law. The implications weaken social mobility and inclusive human resource development; recommendations include proportional budget allocation, massive teacher training, and anti-discrimination campaigns for equitable access to education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: social stratification
  topic: keywords
subject: inclusive education
  topic: keywords
subject: access to education
  topic: keywords
subject: social inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: children with special needs
  topic: keywords
subject: Indonesia
  topic: keywords
creator: Mujahidin Mujahidin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 189
ending page: 197

TRANSLANGUAGING PEDAGOGY IN MULTILINGUAL ELT CLASSROOMS: STUDENT IDENTITY, STRATEGY USE, AND ACHIEVEMENT
type: item
description: This study explores the implementation of translanguaging pedagogy in multilingual English Language Teaching (ELT) classrooms, focusing on its influence on student identity construction, strategic language use, and academic achievement. Through a literature-based approach, this research synthesizes findings from previous empirical and theoretical studies to analyze how translanguaging functions as an instructional paradigm that validates learners’ linguistic repertoires and promotes more equitable learning environments. The review reveals that translanguaging supports positive identity affirmation by enabling students to draw on their full linguistic resources, thus fostering a sense of belonging and reducing linguistic anxiety. In terms of strategy use, existing studies demonstrate that translanguaging enhances metalinguistic awareness, deepens comprehension, and facilitates flexible language negotiation practices that strengthen communicative competence. The literature also shows that the integration of translanguaging practices contributes to improved academic achievement, particularly through scaffolding complex tasks and enhancing engagement in multilingual settings. Overall, the synthesis highlights that translanguaging pedagogy serves as a transformative framework for multilingual ELT classrooms by bridging linguistic diversity with instructional effectiveness, thereby supporting learners’ holistic linguistic and academic development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Translanguaging pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: multilingual ELT classrooms
  topic: keywords
subject: student identity
  topic: keywords
subject: strategy use
  topic: keywords
subject: academic achievement
  topic: keywords
creator: Sahid Sahid
creator: Nafissa Tracy
creator: Buntara Adi Purwanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 172
ending page: 188

AN ANALYSIS OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES ON CHARACTER TORI VEGA IN NICKELODEON COMEDY SERIES “VICTORIOUS”
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the types of politeness strategies and contextual factors influencing their selection by the character Tori Vega in the Nickelodeon comedy series, Victorious. Communication is fundemental for social beings, and politeness is crucial for maintaining harmonious social interactions. While many studies focus on politeness strategies, few examine them in the context of American comedy series. Using a qualitative research approach and interpretative content analysis, this study collects data from the dialogue of Tori Vega across the first 10 episodes of Victorious season 1. The theoritical framework is based on Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness theory, which includes Positive Politeness, Negative Politeness, Bald On-Record, and Off-Record Strategies. The findings indicate that Tori Vega employs all four strategies in her interactions. For instance, She uses Positive Politeness for compliments (e.g., “Oh my God, You’re fantastic!”), Bald On-Record for direct assertion, and Off-Record for indirect communication and sarcasm to save face or create humor. Contextual factors like social distance, self-esteem maintenance, and the need for clarity influence her strategy selection. The research contributes to pragmatics by exploring politeness in pop culture media.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bald On-Record
  topic: keywords
subject: Off-Record
  topic: keywords
subject: Politeness Strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: Positive Politeness
  topic: keywords
subject: Tori Vega
  topic: keywords
creator: Adelia Abubakar
creator: Rahman Taufiqriyanto Dako
creator: Jefriyanto Saud
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 164
ending page: 171

TEACHER'S PERSPECTIVES ON THE USE OF READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES IN SMP NEGERI 35 MEDAN
type: item
description: This study aimed to explore the perspectives of an experienced English teacher on reading comprehension strategies at SMP Negeri 35 Medan. A descriptive qualitative design was employed to collect data through a semi-structured interview with a Year 9 English teacher with over fifteen years' experience. The findings revealed that the teacher employed student-centred strategies that emphasised higher-order thinking skills. These strategies included symbol and image-based learning, open-ended questioning, multimedia integration and flexible instructional adaptation. The selection of strategies was guided by students' learning styles, persistence, and readiness rather than by ability grouping. The study also identified key challenges in reading instruction, such as students' overreliance on digital tools without achieving genuine comprehension, and the limited availability of technological resources. Assessment practices focused on linguistic accuracy, particularly tense usage, and structural completeness, evaluated through various products, such as written texts, videos, and performances. The results showed that effective reading comprehension instruction in Indonesian English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts needs to balance cognitive demands with practical constraints, prioritising analytical and critical thinking over memorisation. This study sheds light on how experienced teachers navigate the complexities of reading instruction and provides practical implications for teacher development and instructional improvement in junior high school settings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: reading comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching reading comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching strategies
  topic: keywords
creator: Neni Afrida Sari Harahap
creator: Ami Girsang
creator: Marchel Sipahutar
creator: Naufal Nasution
creator: Ribka Manurung
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 153
ending page: 163

MODERN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS AS PILLARS OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN RIAU
type: item
description: Islamic education in Riau has a long history rooted deeply in the culture and traditions of Malay society. Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), as the oldest Islamic educational institutions, have played a strategic role in shaping the character, morals, and Islamic identity of the community. This study aims to examine the development of pesantren in Riau from historical, social, and cultural perspectives, as well as to analyze the differences between traditional and modern pesantren in addressing contemporary educational challenges. This study employs a library research method by collecting data from literature, journals, and other written sources. The results show that traditional pesantren focus on education based on classical Islamic texts (kitab kuning) and spiritual values, while modern pesantren integrate religious and general curricula with the utilization of technology. This adaptation enables pesantren in Riau to preserve Islamic values while simultaneously functioning as relevant social institutions in the era of globalization. This study affirms that modern pesantren in Riau serve as an important pillar in strengthening Islamic education that is moderate, competitive, and rooted in local wisdom.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: pesantren
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic education in Riau
  topic: keywords
subject: traditional
  topic: keywords
subject: modern
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Rayfansyah
creator: M. Iqbal Indraji
creator: Ellya Roza
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 142
ending page: 152

VIRTUAL REALITY IN MADRASAH LEARNING: EVALUATING THE IMPACT ON QUR'ANIC MEMORIZATION AND ENGAGEMENT
type: item
description: This study aims to evaluate the impact of using Virtual Reality (VR) technology in madrasah learning, specifically on improving Quran memorization and student engagement. Using a literature review method, this study identified and analyzed various empirical studies, academic reports, and publications related to the integration of VR in technology-based Islamic and general education. The study's results indicate that VR has significant potential to enhance immersive learning experiences, helping students visualize the context of Quranic verses, and improving focus and memory retention through multisensory stimulation. Furthermore, the use of VR in madrasah learning has been shown to increase student motivation and engagement by providing an interactive and engaging learning environment. However, challenges such as limited infrastructure, device costs, teacher training requirements, and ethical issues related to the use of technology in religious education remain significant concerns. This study emphasizes the need for a structured approach and supportive policies to ensure the effective, sustainable, and consistent implementation of VR in Quranic learning in madrasahs.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Virtual Reality
  topic: keywords
subject: madrasah learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Quran memorization
  topic: keywords
subject: student engagement
  topic: keywords
creator: Hairani Lubis
creator: MZ Muttaqien H. Lagala
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 126
ending page: 141

REFRAMING ISLAMIC VALUES IN EDUCATION MANAGEMENT: EVALUATING THE MERDEKA CURRICULUM THROUGH AN ISLAMIC LEADERSHIP LENS
type: item
description: The transformation of education in Indonesia through the Independent Curriculum emphasizes flexibility, differentiatory learning, and character strengthening. However, its implementation in Islamic educational institutions requires a more in-depth study of how Islamic values are represented and integrated in learning practices. This research aims to evaluate the Independent Curriculum from the perspective of Islamic leadership and offer a framework for reframing Islamic values in education management. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis in schools and madrassas that implemented the Independent Curriculum. Thematic analysis reveals that the integration of Islamic values, such as amanah, adl, ikhtiyar, and ihsan, remains partial and highly dependent on teachers' initiative and the school leadership culture. The findings also confirm that leaders who practice Islamic leadership principles are able to create a more ethical, collaborative, and character-oriented learning culture. This research proposes a model of integrating Islamic values at three levels: curriculum, learning practices, and school leadership. Overall, this study highlights the importance of harmonizing national curriculum policies with Islamic values, as well as the need for more systematic guidelines to support the implementation of the Independent Curriculum in the Islamic education context.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Independent Curriculum
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Education Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic values
  topic: keywords
subject: Reframing the Curriculum
  topic: keywords
subject: Character Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Curriculum Integration
  topic: keywords
creator: Utami Maulida
creator: Jaenal Arifin
creator: Siti Murtiningsih
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 117
ending page: 125

ENGLISH TEACHERS’ STRATEGIES IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION AT SMA SWASTA AL MAKSUM
type: item
description: This study aimed at investigating the teacher strategies and the implementation of those strategies in teaching reading comprehension at SMA Swasta Al-Maksum Deli Serdang Sumatera Utara. The research conducted uses descriptive qualitative research to collect data from semi-structured interviews and classroom observation techniques involving one English teacher teaching eleventh-grade students. The result of this study shows that several strategies such as Note-taking (highlighting critical vocabulary, guiding students to write difficult words with meanings and examples), Peer tutoring (helping less able readers, pairing stronger and weaker students, small-group discussion to interpret texts collaboratively), Game learning (motivating reading activities, vocabulary and comprehension games, point and reward system to promote active participation), YouTube video materials (providing visual reinforcement, selecting topic-related videos, pre-teaching vocabulary, post-video tasks linking visual content to reading texts). These strategies contribute to addressing problems such as limited literacy skills, low student motivation, and varied levels of comprehension. Consequently, this study provides insight into learning strategies to be adopted to improve learning processes in EFL language learning despite adverse learning conditions such as minimal language literacy skills in learning institutions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: teaching strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: reading comprehension
  topic: keywords
subject: english learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Neni Afrida Sari Harahap
creator: Dinda Nurul Fadillah
creator: Halimahtu Saddiah
creator: Yoga Marcell Karosekali
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 108
ending page: 116

THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL TOOLS ON IMPROVING LITERACY: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
type: item
description: This study aims to evaluate the impact of digital tools on improving literacy through a systematic literature review. The results of the study show that digital tools, such as e- books, educational applications, and online learning platforms, have great potential to improve student literacy by providing flexible access and a variety of relevant reading sources. Digital tools also offer interactive features that can increase student engagement and understanding, as well as provide instant feedback that aids the learning process. However, this study also identifies several challenges, including the digital divide and the potential for disruption that can result from uncontrolled use of digital tools. Optimising the benefits of digital tools for improving literacy requires collaboration from various parties, such as teachers, parents, and education policymakers, as well as adequate training for educators. Overall, when used correctly, digital tools can make a significant contribution to improving student literacy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Impact of Digital Tools
  topic: keywords
subject: Literacy Improvement
  topic: keywords
subject: Systematic Literature Review
  topic: keywords
creator: Loso Judijanto
creator: Suroso Suroso
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 97
ending page: 107

LITERATURE REVIEW: THE EFFECT OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING ON STUDENT MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT IN SCIENCE
type: item
description: Project Based Learning (PBL) is a student-centred educational approach where learners acquire knowledge and skills through in-depth investigation of complex and authentic problems or challenges. In PBL, students are actively engaged in a long-term learning process, working collaboratively to design, develop and produce real products or solutions, while integrating multiple disciplines and developing 21st century skills. The research method in this study is literature. The results showed that PBL was consistently positively correlated with increased student intrinsic motivation and academic achievement in science. However, the review also identified challenges in implementing PBL, including the need for careful planning and adequate support. Thus, PBL offers a promising approach to improving the quality of science education, with significant potential to prepare students for the real-world demands of the modern era.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Project Based Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Motivation
  topic: keywords
subject: Student Achievement
  topic: keywords
subject: Science
  topic: keywords
creator: Firdausih Firdausih
creator: Aslan Aslan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 85
ending page: 96

STRENGTHENING THE CHARACTER OF PANCASILA THROUGH THE INTEGRATION OF HUMANITARIAN VALUES (STUDY OF MEGA BUANA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS)
type: item
description: This study is entitled “Strengthening Pancasila Character Through Integration of Human Values (Study of Mega Buana University Students)” and aims to examine how the humanitarian values in Pancasila are integrated into the lives of students and their impact on character formation. Pancasila, especially the second principle, emphasizes the importance of a just and civilized humanitarian attitude, but its implementation among students still faces challenges such as intolerance and individualism. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this study collects data from in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies of Mega Buana University students. The results of the study indicate that students' understanding of the values of humanity in Pancasila is still diverse, and its application in everyday life is influenced by social, educational, and campus cultural environmental factors. The integration of human values in academic and extracurricular activities has been shown to have a positive impact in shaping the character of students who are more caring, fair, and socially responsible. This study concludes that the integration of human values in the curriculum and campus activities needs to be improved to form a generation of students based on the values of Pancasila, especially in facing today's social challenges.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pancasila
  topic: keywords
subject: human values
  topic: keywords
subject: integration
  topic: keywords
subject: character
  topic: keywords
subject: students
  topic: keywords
creator: Seriyanti Seriyanti
creator: Ilyas, Aqila Afifah L, Muh. Farhan Ekafriansyah, Muh. Arfaqsad Alfarizky
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 74
ending page: 84

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN TEACHERS AND STUDENTS IN FACILITATING THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS
type: item
description: Effective communication is a key element in creating a productive and conducive learning environment. This research uses the literature study method to analyze the impact of teachers' communication competence and classroom culture on the learning process. The study revealed several important findings. First, teachers' ability to deliver material clearly and listen to students actively can increase students' participation and engagement in the classroom. Second, respect for learners' socio-cultural backgrounds can prevent misunderstanding and create an inclusive learning atmosphere. Third, emotional support from teachers has been proven to increase students' motivation to learn and help minimize behavioral problems in the classroom. Therefore, teachers' communication competence needs to be continuously improved to maximize the learning process.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Interpersonal
  topic: keywords
subject: Teacher and Student
  topic: keywords
subject: Teaching and Learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Suroso Suroso
creator: Kurniah Astutik
creator: Hudson Sidabutar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 64
ending page: 73

THE ROLE OF SYSTEMATIC CONTROL AND EVALUATION SYSTEMS IN IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC POLICY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
type: item
description: This study aims to analyse the role of systematic control and evaluation systems in improving the effectiveness of public policy through a literature review method. Control systems are seen as mechanisms that ensure policy implementation is in line with plans, prevent deviations, and maintain accountability. Meanwhile, systematic evaluation plays a role in providing data-based assessments of the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, and impact of policies, while also providing constructive feedback for future policy improvements. The study findings indicate that the integration of these two mechanisms creates a continuous learning cycle that strengthens the policy formulation and implementation processes. Thus, the consistent, adaptive, and evidence-based application of control and evaluation systems is key to achieving effective, transparent, and accountable public policy governance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: public policy
  topic: keywords
subject: control system
  topic: keywords
subject: systematic evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: policy effectiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: governance
  topic: keywords
creator: Sunnah Sunnah
creator: Gunawan Widjaja
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 54
ending page: 63

PREPARING STUDENTS AS AGENTS OF SOCIAL CHANGE: ANTI-RACISM AND ANTI-ETHNOCENTRISM EDUCATION THROUGH A SOCIAL JUSTICE- BASED CURRICULUM
type: item
description: This study aims to analyse the role of anti-racism and anti-ethnocentrism education within a social justice-based curriculum framework as an effort to prepare students to become agents of social change. The background of this study is based on the urgency of building critical awareness and inclusive attitudes amid increasing social challenges resulting from racial and ethnic discrimination. The method used is library research through a systematic review of academic literature, previous studies, educational policy documents, and examples of curriculum implementation in various contexts. The results of the study indicate that integrating anti-racism and anti-ethnocentrism values into the curriculum can strengthen students' social awareness, empathy, and critical thinking skills regarding issues of injustice. The success of implementation requires participatory learning strategies, support from competent teachers, and an inclusive school environment. This study recommends strengthening teacher training, selecting multicultural teaching materials, and formulating education policies that prioritise social justice to ensure the sustainability of positive impacts on society at large.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: anti-racism education
  topic: keywords
subject: anti-ethnocentrism
  topic: keywords
subject: social justice-based curriculum
  topic: keywords
subject: social change agents
  topic: keywords
subject: literature review
  topic: keywords
creator: Sunnah Sunnah
creator: Gunawan Widjaja
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 44
ending page: 53

EDUCATIONAL TRANSFORMATION IN INDONESIA: REVIEWING THE POLICY LANDSCAPE AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
type: item
description: Educational transformation in Indonesia is a response to global dynamics, technological developments, and the demands of 21st-century competencies. This study aims to comprehensively review the national education policy landscape and analyse learning outcomes as the impact of policy implementation, using a literature review method. Data sources include academic literature, official government reports, previous research findings, and national and international education statistics. The findings indicate that policies such as the Merdeka Curriculum, education digitalisation programmes, strengthening vocational education, and improving teacher capacity have contributed positively to improving literacy, numeracy, critical thinking skills, and digital competencies among students. However, challenges such as infrastructure gaps, regional disparities in quality, and uneven teacher quality still limit the optimisation of learning outcomes. These findings underscore the need for policy continuity and consistency, strengthening access equity, aligning the curriculum with the job market, and integrating character education to ensure that educational transformation produces globally competitive generations while contributing to sustainable national development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Educational transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: educational policy
  topic: keywords
subject: learning outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Merdeka Curriculum
  topic: keywords
subject: literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: numeracy
  topic: keywords
creator: Aslan Aslan
creator: Moch Isra Hajiri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 34
ending page: 43

https://felifa.net/index.php/INJOE/article/view/315
type: item
title: GOVERNMENT EFFORTS TO REALISE EDUCATIONAL EQUITY THROUGH TEACHER REDISTRIBUTION AND DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES IN REDUCING URBAN AND RURAL EDUCATIONAL DISPARITIES IN INDONESIA
description: Educational equity in Indonesia still faces significant challenges, particularly regarding quality and access disparities between urban and rural areas. This study employs a literature review method to analyse the government's strategies in reducing these disparities through two main approaches: teacher redistribution and digital infrastructure improvement. The findings indicate that teacher redistribution programmes, such as the Frontline Teachers programme and the placement of civil servant teachers (PNS/PPPK), have improved the teacher-student ratio and brought qualified educators to remote areas. Meanwhile, strengthening digital infrastructure through the Palapa Ring project, school digitisation, and the provision of technological devices have opened up more equitable access to online learning. However, the implementation of these two efforts still faces challenges such as teacher resistance to placement in remote areas, limited supporting facilities, low digital literacy, and limitations in basic infrastructure such as electricity and internet connectivity. This study concludes that the success of educational equity requires integrated policy synergy, local government involvement, and support from various stakeholders to ensure the sustainability of the programme.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: educational equity
  topic: keywords
subject: teacher redistribution
  topic: keywords
subject: digital infrastructure
  topic: keywords
subject: educational disparity
  topic: keywords
subject: literature review
  topic: keywords
creator: Novalia Rachmah
creator: Indra Cahaya Tresna
creator: Tommi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 24
ending page: 33

INTEGRATING ISLAMIC VALUES IN BUILDING INDEPENDENCE AND MORALITY IN CHILDREN IN THE ERA OF RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
type: item
description: Rapid technological developments have brought significant changes to children's learning patterns, behaviour, and character. Although these developments open up great opportunities to expand knowledge and skills, challenges such as moral degradation, declining independence, and exposure to negative content pose real threats. This study aims to analyse strategies for integrating Islamic values in building independence and morality in children in the digital age, using a qualitative descriptive literature review method. Data were obtained from relevant literature, including books, journal articles, and previous studies, which were then analysed using content analysis. The results of the study indicate that Islamic values—such as Amanah (trustworthiness), Tawhid (monotheism), honesty, responsibility, and Ukhuwwah (brotherhood)—play a fundamental role in shaping the character of independent and moral children amid technological advances. The effectiveness of integrating these values is greatly influenced by the involvement of parents, educational institutions, and the social environment through creative and adaptive approaches, such as the use of interactive Islamic digital media, education based on role models, and Islamic digital literacy. This study recommends collaborative strategies that leverage technology as a tool to strengthen Islamic values, enabling children to grow into a generation of intelligent, independent, and morally upright Muslims in the digital age.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic values
  topic: keywords
subject: child independence
  topic: keywords
subject: child morality
  topic: keywords
subject: character education
  topic: keywords
subject: technological era
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic digital literacy
  topic: keywords
creator: St. Rahmah
creator: Al-Amin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 12
ending page: 22

STRENGTHENING TEACHER COMPETENCE THROUGH CONTINUOUS TRAINING IN THE ERA OF EDUCATIONAL TRANSFORMATION(LITERATURE REVIEW)
type: item
description: This study examines the role of continuous professional development (CPD) in strengthening teacher competencies in the era of educational transformation. Using a literature review approach, this study synthesises findings from recent studies, policies, and best practices to identify strategies, challenges, and opportunities in the implementation of continuous training programmes for teachers. The findings reveal that teacher competency improvement is influenced by the integration of pedagogical, professional, social, and personal skills, all of which require continuous updating in line with curriculum reforms, technology integration, and changing student needs. This study reveals the dual nature of the era of educational transformation: on the one hand, it presents challenges in the form of unequal access to training, high teacher workload, and resistance to change; on the other hand, it opens up opportunities through digital learning platforms, cross-institutional collaboration, and personalised training assisted by artificial intelligence. These findings underscore the importance of strong policy support, relevant training materials, and collaboration among stakeholders to build an inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable CPD ecosystem that can improve the overall quality of teaching and educational outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: continuous training
  topic: keywords
subject: teacher competence
  topic: keywords
subject: educational transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: professional development
  topic: keywords
subject: literature review
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: digital learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Adi Mursalin
creator: Imelda
creator: Aisyah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 11

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT CYCLE-BASED EVALUATION: AN EFFECTIVE CONTROL STRATEGY FOR PROGRAMME SUCCESS
type: item
description: This study aims to analyse the application of continuous improvement cycle-based evaluation and its integration with effective control strategies in order to increase the chances of programme success. The method used is a literature review with a descriptive-analytical approach, which examines concepts, theories, and empirical findings from various scientific sources such as journals, books, and research reports. The results of the study indicate that the application of a continuous improvement cycle model, such as Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA), enables program evaluation to be carried out systematically, adaptively, and repeatedly, so that weaknesses can be identified and corrected quickly. Meanwhile, effective control strategies—including the establishment of clear performance indicators, continuous monitoring, proactive risk management, strong governance, and the use of technology—can strengthen the evaluation process and ensure the efficient achievement of programme objectives. The synergy between these two approaches not only improves programme performance and quality but also fosters an organisational culture that is responsive, accountable, and quality-oriented. These findings have important implications for programme managers across sectors to adopt an integrated evaluation-control framework as a long-term management strategy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: programme evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: continuous improvement cycle
  topic: keywords
subject: PDCA
  topic: keywords
subject: control strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: programme management
  topic: keywords
subject: programme success
  topic: keywords
creator: Busnawir Busnawir
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 645
ending page: 654

IMPLEMENTATION OF STUDENT-CENTRED LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE INDEPENDENCE AND 21ST CENTURY SKILLS
type: item
description: This study aims to examine in depth the implementation of student-centred learning as a strategy to improve learning independence and 21st century skills. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative descriptive approach, utilising various recent academic sources such as scientific journals, books, and relevant conference proceedings. The findings indicate that student-centred learning is effective in developing independence by granting students autonomy to set goals, choose strategies, and evaluate their own learning. Additionally, this model has proven to support the mastery of 21st-century skills, such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, digital literacy, and problem-solving abilities. Factors contributing to the successful implementation include the role of teachers as facilitators, the use of educational technology, and a collaborative and contextual learning environment. However, challenges remain, particularly regarding teacher readiness, resources, and student readiness differences. Overall, the implementation of student-centred learning is considered relevant to the demands of modern education and capable of making a significant contribution to the development of competent and adaptive independent learners in the global era.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: student-centred learning
  topic: keywords
subject: learning independence
  topic: keywords
subject: 21st-century skills
  topic: keywords
subject: digital literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: collaboration
  topic: keywords
creator: Agus Hidayat
creator: Ismaul Fitroh
creator: Moh. Imron Rosidi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 634
ending page: 644

CURRICULUM FLEXIBILITY IN THE DIGITAL AGE: EFFORTS TO BUILD EDUCATION THAT IS RESPONSIVE TO CHANGE
type: item
description: Technological developments in the digital era demand fundamental transformations in the education system, particularly in terms of curriculum. This study aims to examine the concept and dimensions of curriculum flexibility in the digital era and strategies for building education that is responsive to change. Using a literature review method, this study analyses various scientific sources, including journals, books, research reports, and relevant policy documents. The findings reveal that curriculum flexibility encompasses continuous adjustments to content, teaching methods, media, and assessment, taking into account technological advancements, 21st-century competency requirements, and local and global contexts. Implementation strategies for responsive education include the integration of information and communication technology, enhancing educators' competencies, strengthening partnerships with industry, implementing project-based learning, and policies that support curriculum innovation. This study emphasises that curriculum flexibility is a crucial foundation for building an adaptive, inclusive, and sustainable education system, while also preparing students to become lifelong learners ready to face the challenges and opportunities of the future.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: curriculum flexibility
  topic: keywords
subject: digital era
  topic: keywords
subject: responsive education
  topic: keywords
subject: curriculum innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: digital literacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Romadhon Romadhon
creator: Aslan Aslan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indonesian Journal of Education (INJOE)
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
starting page: 622
ending page: 633